References

Reviews:
1. Baverstock K, Williams D. The Chernobyl accident 20 years on: an assessment of the health
consequences and the international response. Environ Health Perspect. 2006 Sep;
114(9):1312-7.
2. Cardis E. Current status and epidemiological research needs for achieving a better
understanding of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident. Health Phys. 2007 Nov;
93(5):542-6.
3. International Agency for Research on Cancer. FP 7 Project ARCH - Agenda for Research
on Chernobyl Health. Strategic research agenda: the health consequences of the Chernobyl
accident. 2011. On web site http://arch.iarc.fr. Recent scientific findings and publications on the health effects of Chernobyl
20
4. UNSCEAR (United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation) 2008
Report, Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation, Volume II, Health effects due to radiation
from the Chernobyl accident. United Nations, New York, 2011.
5. Wakeford R. The silver anniversary of the Chernobyl accident. Where are we now? J.
Radiol. Prot. 2011; 31: 1–7.
6. WHO. Health Effects of the Chernobyl Accident and Special Health Care Programmes;
Report of the UN Chernobyl Forum Expert Group ‘‘Health’’ (EGH). Geneva, World Health
Organisation, 2005.
7. Yablokov A , Nesterenko V and Nesterenko A . Chernobyl. Consequences of the
catastrophe for people and the environment. Ann NY Acad Sci 2009; 1181: i-xvi, 1-327.
Radiation doses to the most exposed population groups:
8. Berkovski V, Voitsekhovitch O, Nasvit O et al. Exposures from Aquatic Pathways. . In: The
radiological consequences of the Chernobyl accident A. Karaoglou, G. Desmet, G.N.Kelly
and H. Menzel eds., Report EUR 16544, Luxembourg 1996.
9. Bouville A, Chumak V, Inskip P et al. The Chornobyl accident: estimation of radiation doses
received by the Baltic and Ukrainian Cleanup workers. Radiation Res 2006; 166: 158-167.
10. Bouville A, Likhtarev I, Kovgan L et al. Radiation dosimetry for highly contaminated
Belarusian, Russian and Ukrainian populations, and for less contaminated populations in
Europe. Health Physics 2007; 93 (5): 487-501.
11. Chumak V Physical dosimetry of chernobyl cleanup workers. Health Phys. 2007 Nov;
93(5):452-61.
12. Drozdovitch V, Khrouch V, Maceika E et al. Reconstruction of radiation doses in a casecontrol study of thyroid cancer following the Chernobyl accident. Health Phys. 2010 Jul;
99(1):1-16.
Radiation induced thyroid cancers:
13. Adams MJ, Shore RE, Dozier A et al. Thyroid cancer risk 40+ years after irradiation for an
enlarged thymus: an update of the Hempelmann cohort. Radiat Res. 2010 Dec; 174(6):753-
62.
14. Adjadj E, Schlumberger M, de Vathaire F. Germline polymorphisms and susceptibility to
differentiated thyroid cancer, Lancet Oncol 2009, 19;181-190.
15. Akulevich NM, Saenko VA, Rogonouvich TI et al, Polymorphisms of DNA damage response
genes in radiation related and sporadic papillary carcinoma. Endocr related Cancer, 2009;
16:491-503.
16. Bastos HN, Antao MR, Silva SN et al, Associations of polymorphisms of genes of the
homologous recombination DNA repair pathway and thyroid cancer risk. Thyroid 2009,
19:1067-1075.
17. Bespalchuk PI, Demidchik,YE, Demidchik EP et al, in Radiation Health Risk Sciences, ed
Nakashima M et al, Springer Tokyo, 2009.
18. Cardis E, Kesminiene A, Ivanov V, et al. Risk of thyroid carcinoma after exposure to
131
I in
childhood. J Nat Canc Inst 2005; 97:1–9.
19. Demidchik Y E, Demidchik E P, Reiners C et al. Comprehensive clinical assessment of 740
cases of surgically treated thyroid cancer in children of Belarus. Ann Surg 2006; 243: 525-
32.
20. Detours V, Wattel S, Venet D, et al. Absence of a specific radiation signature in postChernobyl thyroid cancers. British Journal of Cancer. 2005 ; 92:1545–1552. 21
21. Detours V, Delys L, Libert F et al. Genome-wide gene expression profiling suggests distinct
radiation susceptibilities in sporadic and post-Chernobyl papillary thyroid cancers. British
Journal of Cancer, 2007, 97, 818-825.
22. EC, Thyroid diseases and exposure to ionising radiation: Lessons learned following the
Chernobyl accident. Proceedings of the EU scientific seminar 1998. Radiation Protection
121, Luxembourg, 2000.
23. Fuzik M, Prysyazhnyuk A, Shibata Y et al, Thyroid carcinoma incidence: trends with
reference to the Chernobyl accident. Radiat Environ Biophys 2010, published online
10.11.2010.
24. Hatch M, Brenner A, Bogdanova T. A screening study of thyroid cancer and other thyroid
diseases among individuals exposed in utero to iodine-131 from Chernobyl fallout. J Clin
Endocrinol Metab 2009 March 94:3: 899-906.
25. Kopecky KG, Stepanenko V, Rivkind N et al Childhood thyroid cancer, radiation dose from
Chernobyl. Radiat Res, 2006; 166: 367-74.
26. Ivanov V, Chekin S, Kashcheev V et al. Risk of thyroid cancer among Chernobyl emergency
workers of Russia. Radiat Environ Biophys. 2008 Nov; 47(4):463-7. Epub 2008 Jun 13.
27. Nauman J., Wolff J. Iodide prophylaxis in Poland after the Chernobyl reactor accident:
benefits and risks. The American Journal of Medicine, 1993; 94, 524-532.
28. Ory C, Ugolin N, Levalois C et al.. Gene expression signature discriminates sporadic from
post-radiotherapy-induced thyroid tumors. Endocrine-Related Cancer 2011; 18:193-206.
29. Port M, Boltze C, Wang Y et al. A radiation-induced gene signature distinguishes postChernobyl from sporadic papillary thyroid cancers. Radiat Res 2007; 168: 639-649.
30. Richardson DB. Exposure to ionizing radiation in adulthood and thyroid cancer incidence.
Epidemiology 2009, 20 (2): 181-187.
31. Ron E, Lubin JH, Shore RE, et al.: Thyroid cancer after exposure to external radiation, a
pooled analysis of 7 studies. Radiat Res 1995;141:259–277.
32. Ron E Thyroid cancer incidence among people living in areas contaminated by radiation
from the Chernobyl accident. Health Phys 2007; 93:502-11.
33. Ronckers CM, Sigurdson AG, Stovall M et al: Thyroid cancer in childhood cancer survivors.
Radiat Res 2006; 166: 618-28.
34. Williams D. Radiation carcinogenesis: Lessons from the Chernobyl accident. Oncogene,
2009; 27: s9-s18.
35. Williams D, Thyroid Cancer after the Chernobyl Accident: Lessons learned, an update. In
EC, Issues with internal emitters. Proceedings of the EU scientific seminar 2010. Radiation
Protection …, Luxembourg (in publication).
36. Zablotska LB, Ron E, Rozhko AV et al. Thyroid cancer risk in Belarus among children and
adolescents exposed to radioiodine after the Chornobyl accident. Br J Cancer. 2010 Nov 23.
[Epub ahead of print].
Radiation induced thyroid diseases other than thyroid cancers:
37. Agate L, Mariotti S, Elisei R et al. Thyroid autoantibodies and thyroid function in subjects
exposed to Chernobyl fallout during childhood: evidence for a transient radiation-induced
elevation of serum thyroid antibodies without an increase in thyroid autoimmune disease. J
Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Jul; 93(7):2729-36.
38. Hatch M, Furukawa K, Brenner A et al. Prevalence of hyperthyroidism after exposure during
childhood or adolescence to radioiodines from the chornobyl nuclear accident: doseresponse results from the Ukrainian-American Cohort Study. Radiat Res 2010 Dec;
174(6):763-72. Recent scientific findings and publications on the health effects of Chernobyl
22
39. Ivanov VK, Chekin SY, Parshin VS et al. Non-cancer thyroid diseases among children in the
Kaluga and Bryansk regions of the Russian Federation exposed to radiation following the
Chernobyl accident Health Phys. 2005 Jan;88(1):16-22.
40. Lyon J, Alder S, Stone M et al. Thyroid disease associated with exposure to the Nevada
nuclear weapons test site radiation: a re-evaluation based on corrected dosimetry and
examination data. Epidemiology 2006; 17: 604-614.
41. Ostroumova E, Brenner A, Oliynyk V et al. Subclinical hypothyroidism after radioiodine
exposure: Ukrainian-American cohort study of thyroid cancer and other thyroid diseases
after the Chornobyl accident (1998-2000). Environ Health Perspect. 2009 May; 117(5):745-
50.
42. Ron E, Brenner A. Non-malignant thyroid diseases after a wide range of radiation
exposures. Radiat Res. 2010 Dec; 174(6):877-88.
43. Zablotska L, Bogdanova T, Ron E et al. A cohort study of thyroid cancer and other thyroid
diseases after the Chernobyl accident. Amer J Epidemiol, 2008; 167: 305-12.
Leukaemias:
44. Childhood leukaemia in Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine following the Chernobyl power station
accident: results from an international collaborative population-based case-control study.
International Consortium for Research on the Health Effects of Radiation Writing Committee
and Study Team, Davis S, Day RW, Kopecky KJ, Mahoney MC, McCarthy PL, Michalek AM,
Moysich KB, Onstad LE, Stepanenko VF, Voillequé PG, Chegerova T, Falkner K, Kulikov S,
Maslova E, Ostapenko V, Rivkind N, Shevchuk V, Tsyb AF. Int J Epidemiol. 2006 Apr;
35(2):386-96.
45. Chumak VV, Romanenko AY, Voillequé PG et al. The Ukrainian-American study of leukemia
and related disorders among Chornobyl cleanup workers from Ukraine: II. Estimation of
bone marrow doses. Radiat Res. 2008 Dec; 170(6):698-710.
46. Noshchenko AG, Bondar OY, Drozdova VD. Radiation-induced leukemia among children
aged 0-5 years at the time of the Chernobyl accident. Int J Cancer. 2010 Jul 15; 127(2):412-
26.
47. Kesminiene A, Evrard AS, Ivanov VK et al. Risk of hematological malignancies among
Chernobyl liquidators. Radiat Res. 2008 Dec; 170(6):721-35.
48. Romanenko A, Bebeshko V, Hatch M et al. The Ukrainian-American study of leukemia and
related disorders among Chornobyl cleanup workers from Ukraine: I. Study methods. Radiat
Res. 2008 Dec; 170(6):691-7.
49. Romanenko AY, Finch SC, Hatch M et al. The Ukrainian-American study of leukemia and
related disorders among Chornobyl cleanup workers from Ukraine: III. Radiation risks.
Radiat Res. 2008 Dec; 170(6):711-20.
50. Wakeford R. Epidemiology of childhood leukaemia and ionising radiation. In: EC (European
Commission). Childhood leukaemia – Mechanisms and causes. Proceedings of the scientific
seminar held in Luxembourg on 3 November 2009. Radiation Protection 163, Luxembourg,
2010.
Breast cancer and other solid cancers:
51. Cardis E, Howe G, Ron E et al. Cancer consequences of the Chernobyl accident. J.
Radiol.Prot. 2006 26: 127-140.
52. Cardis E, Krewski D, Boniol M et al. Estimates of the cancer burden in Europe from
radioactive fallout from the Chernobyl accident. Int J Cancer 2006; 119: 1224-35. 23
53. Ivanov VK, Gorsky AI, Kashcheev VV et al. Latent period in induction of radiogenic solid
tumors in the cohort of emergency workers. Radiat Environ Biophys 2009 Aug; 48(3):247-
52.
54. Pukkala E, Kesminiene A, Poliakov S et al. Breast cancer in Belarus and Ukraine after the
Chernobyl accident. Int J Cancer. 2006 Aug 1; 119(3): 651-8.
“Hereditary” effects:
55. Aghajanyan A, Suskov I. Transgenerational genomic instability in children of irradiated
parents as a result of the Chernobyl Nuclear Accident. Mutat Res. 2009 Dec 1;671(1-2):52-
7. Epub 2009 Sep 1.
56. Barber RC, Dubrova YE. The offspring of irradiated parents, are they stable? Mutation
Research 2006 598: 50-60.
57. Bouffler SD, Bridges BA, Cooper DN et al. Assessing radiation-associated mutational risk to
the germline: repetitive DNA sequences as mutational targets and biomarkers. Radiat Res
2006 165 (3): 249-268.
58. Dubrova Y, Nesterov V, Krouchinsky N et al. Human minisatellite mutation rate after the
Chernobyl accident. Nature 1996, 380: 683-686.
59. Dubrova Y, Grant G, Chumak A et al. Elevated minisatellite mutation rate in the postChernobyl families from Ukraine. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 2002, 71: 801-809.
60. Dubrova Y, Bersimbaev R, Djansugurova L et al. Nuclear weapons tests and human
germline mutation rate. Science, 2002, 295 :1037.
61. Dubrova Y, Ploshchanskaya O, Kozionova A et al. Minisatellite germline mutation rate in the
Techa River population. Mutation Res. 2006. 602; 74-82. Epub 2006 Sep 7.
62. Furitsu F, Ryo H, Yeliseeva K et al. Microsatellite mutations show no increases in the
chidren of the Chernobyl liquidators. Mutat. Res. 2005, 581: 69-82.
63. Gatchel JR and Zoghbi HY. Diseases of unstable repeat expansion: mechanisms and
common principles. Nat. Rev. Genet. 2005 6: 743-755.
64. Jeffreys A and Dubrova Y. Monitoring spontaneous and induced human mutation by RAPDPCR: a response to Weinberg et al 2001. Proc. Roy. Soc. B. 2001, 268: 2493-2494.
65. Kiuru A, Auvinen A, Luokkamaki M et al. Hereditary minisatellite mutations among the
offspring of Estonian Chernobyl cleanup workers. . Radiat. Res. 2003, 159: 651-655.
66. Livshits L, Malyarchuk S, Kravchenko S et al. Children of Chernobyl cleanup workers do not
show elevated rates of mutations in minisatellite alleles. Radiat. Res. 2001, 155: 74-80.
67. Slebos R, Little R, Umbach D et al. Mini- and microsatellites mutations in children from
Chernobyl accident cleanup workers. Mutat. Res. 2004, 559: 143-151.
68. Smith JT. Is Chernobyl radiation really causing negative individual and population level
effects on barn swallows? Biol. Lett. 2008, 4: 63-64.
69. Verhofstad N, Joost O, Linscooten J et al. New methods for assessing male germline
mutations in human and genetic risks in their offspring. Mutagenesis, 2008, 23(4), 241-247.
70. Weinberg H, Korol A, Kirzhner A et al. Very high mutation rate in offspring of Chernobyl
accident liquidators. Proc. Roy. Soc. B. 2001, 268: 1001-1005.
Birth defects:
71. Busby C, Lengfelder E, Pflugbeil S, Schmitz-Feuerhake I. The evidence of radiation effects
in embryos and fetuses exposed to Chernobyl fallout and the question of dose response.
Med Confl Surviv. 2009 Jan-Mar; 25(1):20-40.Recent scientific findings and publications on the health effects of Chernobyl
24
72. Dancause KN, Yevtushok L, Lapchenko S et al. Chronic radiation exposure in the RivnePolissia region of Ukraine: implications for birth defects. Am J Hum Biol. 2010 Sep-Oct;
22(5):667-74.
73. Wertelecki W. Malformations in a Chornobyl-impacted region. Pediatrics 2010, 125 (4)
e836-43. Epub 2010 Mar 22.
74. Zatsepin I. Current Research on Environmental Pollution and Congenital Anomalies in
Belarus. In: Methodological Approaches to the Assessment of Risk of Congenital Anomaly
Due to Environment Pollution, Environmental Pollution Workshop, Eurocat, Budapest 2007
(Eurocat website).
Children’s morbidity
75. Akleyev A, Kossenko M, Silkina L et al. Health effects of radiation incidents in the southern
Urals. Stem cells 1995; 13 (Suppl 1): 58-68.
76. Bandazhevsky Y, Bandazhevskaya G. Incorporated caesium and cardiovascular pathology.
Int J Rad Med 2001; 3: 11-12.
77. Gueguen Y, Lestaevel P, Grandcolas L, et al. Chronic contamination of rats with 137-
Caesium radionuclide: impact on the cardiovascular system. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2008; 8:
31–40.
78. Grignard E, Guéguen Y, Grison S, et al. In vivo effects of chronic contamination with 137
cesium on testicular and adrenal steroidogenesis. Arch Toxicol 2008; 82:583–9.
79. Jackson D. Book review: Chernobyl: Consequences of the catastrophe for people and the
environment. J. Radiol. Prot. 2011; 31: 163-165.
80. Lestaevel P, Dhieux B, Tourlonias E, et al. Evaluation of the effect of chronic exposure to
137Cesium on sleep-wake cycle in rats. Toxicology 2006; 226:118–25.
81. Lestaevel P, Grandcolas L, Paquet F et al. Neuro-inflammatory response in rats chronically
exposed to 137- Cesium. NeuroToxicology 2008; 29 : 343–348.
82. Loganovsky K, Loganovskya T, Nechayev S et al. Disrupted development of the dominant
hemisphere following prenatal irradiation. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2008; 20(3); 274-
291.
83. Romanenko A, Kakehashi1 A, Morimura K et al. Urinary bladder carcinogenesis induced by
chronic exposure to persistent low-dose ionizing radiation after Chernobyl accident.
Carcinogenesis, 2009, 30 (11):1821–1831.
84. Stepanova E, Karmaus W, Naboka M et al. Exposure from the Chernobyl accident has
adverse effects on erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets in children in the Narodichesky
region, Ukraine: a 6-year follow-up study. Environmental Health 2008; 7: 21.
85. Svendsen E, Kolpakov I, Stepanova Y et al. 137-Cesium exposure and spirometry
measures in Ukrainian children affected by the Chernobyl nuclear incident. Environmental
Health Perspectives 2010; 118 (5): 720-725.
86. Tissandie E, Gueguen Y, Lobaccaro JM, et al. Vitamin D metabolism impairment in the rat’s
offspring following maternal exposure to 137cesium. Arch Toxicol 2009; 83:357–62.
Morbidity of liquidators, particularly heart diseases:
87. Ivanov VK, Maksioutov MA, Chekin SY et al. The risk of radiation-induced cerebrovascular
disease in Chernobyl emergency workers. Health Phys. 2006 Mar; 90(3):199-207.
88. Ivanov VK. Late cancer and non cancer risks among Chernobyl emergency workers of
Russia. Health Phys. 2007 Nov; 93(5):470-9. 25
89. Little, M.P., Tawn, E.J., Tzoulaki, I., et al.,. A systematic review of epidemiological
associations between low and moderate doses of ionizing radiation and late cardiovascular
effects, and their possible mechanisms. Radiat. Res. 2008; 169, 99-109.
90. Little, M.P., Tawn, E.J., Tzoulaki, I., et al.,. Review and meta-analysis of epidemiological
associations between low/moderate doses of ionizing radiation and circulatory disease risks,
and their possible mechanisms. Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 2010; 49, 139-153.
Cataracts:
91. Chumak VV, Worgul BV, Kundiyev YI, Sergiyenko NM, Vitte PM, Medvedovsky C,
Bakhanova EV, Junk AK, Kyrychenko OY, Musijachenko NV, Sholom SV, Shylo SA, Vitte
OP, Xu S, Xue X, Shore RE, Dosimetry for a study of low-dose radiation cataracts among
Chernobyl clean-up workers. Radiat. Res. 167, 606-614 (2007).
92. Day R, Gorin MB, Eller AW. Prevalence of lens changes in Ukrainian children residing
around Chernobyl. Health Phys, 1995; 68(5):632-642.
93. EC, New Insights in Radiation Risk and Basic Safety Standards , Proceedings of the EU
Scientific Seminar 2006, Radiation Protection 145, Luxembourg, 2007.
94. Worgul, B.V., Kundiyev, Y.I., Sergiyenko, N.M.,et al. Cataracts among Chernobyl clean-up
workers: implications regarding permissible eye exposures. Radiat. Res. 2007; 167: 233-
243.